What is the function of the Planum temporale?

The left planum temporale (PT), often referred to as Wernicke’s area, is involved in auditory processing and receptive language (Nakada et al., 2001). As such, it has been associated with lexical processing (Bookheimer, 2002).

Is the Planum temporale in the temporal lobe?

It is well known that the planum temporale (PT) area in the posterior temporal lobe carries out spectro-temporal analysis of auditory stimuli, which is crucial for speech, for example.

Where is the Heschl’s gyrus located?

The Transverse Temporal Gyrus (TTG), or Heschl’s gyrus, is a large bump or bumps on the lower bank of the Sylvian (or lateral) fissure, the most posterior-medial half of which is primary auditory cortex (Liegeois-Chauvel et al., 1991).

What is the secondary auditory cortex?

Secondary auditory cortex (AII), which doesn’t have clear tonotopic organisation but has an important role in sound localisation and analysis of complex sounds: in particular for specific animal vocalisations and human language. It also has a role in auditory memory.

What is the fusiform?

The fusiform gyrus is a large region in the inferior temporal cortex that plays important roles in object and face recognition, and recognition of facial expressions is located in the fusiform face area (FFA), which is activated in imaging studies when parts of faces or pictures of facial expressions are presented to …

What happens in Heschl’s gyrus?

This area is not only important for language comprehension, but more importantly, it has a crucial role in speech production, phonologic retrieval, and semantic processing. Heschl’s gyrus is a major component of the posterior portion of the STG and forms the anatomical substrate of the primary auditory area.

Is Heschl’s gyrus part of the superior temporal gyrus?

Auditory System The primary auditory cortex is found on the upper bank of the gyrus, where it occupies major parts of the first transverse temporal gyrus or Heschl gyrus (HG) (Figure 36.10). Heschl gyrus extends from the retroinsular region to the lateral bulge of the superior temporal gyrus.

What happens if the secondary auditory cortex is damaged?

Damage to the auditory cortex in humans leads to a loss of any awareness of sound, but an ability to react reflexively to sounds remains as there is a great deal of subcortical processing in the auditory brainstem and midbrain.

What happens if auditory cortex is damaged?

Damage to the auditory cortex can disrupt various facets of auditory perception. For example, damage (e.g., like that caused by a stroke) might cause deficits in the ability to detect changes in pitch, localize sounds in space, or understand speech.

What happens if you damage your Wernicke’s area?

When this area of the brain is damaged, a disorder known as Wernicke’s aphasia can result, with the person being able to speak in phrases that sound fluent yet lack meaning.

Is the planum temporale asymmetric in the left and right hemispheres?

Early anatomical studies provided evidence for an important asymmetry in human auditory cortex: the planum temporale (PT) was much larger in the left hemisphere for right-handed individuals (Geschwind and Levitsky, 1968 ).

What is Wernicke’s area (PT)?

Kimberly A. Stigler, Christopher J. McDougle, in The Neuroscience of Autism Spectrum Disorders, 2013 The left planum temporale (PT), often referred to as Wernicke’s area, is involved in auditory processing and receptive language (Nakada et al., 2001 ).

Is the planum temporale the site for auditory speech and language processing?

The prevalence of planum temporale (PT) asymmetry and its location in auditory areas close to Wernicke’s area for speech comprehension motivated the hypothesis that PT was the site for auditory speech and language processing (Geschwind & Levitsky, 1968 ).

Is the left planum temporale involved in lexical processing?

The left planum temporale (PT), often referred to as Wernicke’s area, is involved in auditory processing and receptive language (Nakada et al., 2001 ). As such, it has been associated with lexical processing ( Bookheimer, 2002 ).