What drugs inhibit aldehyde dehydrogenase?

Disulfiram
Disulfiram (DSF) is presently the only available drug used in the aversion therapy of recovering alcoholics. It acts by inhibiting aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH), leading to high blood levels of acetaldehyde.

How does disulfiram inhibit aldehyde dehydrogenase?

Normally, this acetaldehyde is cleared rapidly by its metabolism to acetate via aldehyde dehydrogenase. Disulfiram blocks this enzyme, irreversibly inhibiting the oxidation of acetaldehyde and causing a marked increase in acetaldehyde concentrations after ethanol consumption.

What happens when alcohol dehydrogenase is inhibited?

Recidivism is common and pharmacologic agents to encourage abstinence can be used. Disulfiram is an aldehyde dehydrogenase inhibitor that prevents acetaldehyde metabolism and increases circulating acetaldehyde levels to produce symptoms of flushing, dizziness, and vomiting if ethanol is consumed.

What happens when you drink alcohol while taking metronidazole?

Do not drink alcohol or consume food or medicines that contain propylene glycol while you are taking metronidazole. You may have unpleasant side effects such as headaches, stomach cramps, nausea, vomiting, and flushing (warmth, redness, or tingly feeling).

What drugs make you emotionless?

Prevalence of Emotional Blunting

• Selective norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) such as Cymbalta (duloxetine), Pristiq (desvenlafaxine), and Effexor XR (venlafaxine)
• Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) like Lexapro (escitalopram), Prozac (fluoxetine), Zoloft (sertraline), and Paxil (paroxetine)

What is a disulfiram-like reaction?

A disulfiram-like drug is a drug that causes an adverse reaction to alcohol leading to nausea, vomiting, flushing, dizziness, throbbing headache, chest and abdominal discomfort, and general hangover-like symptoms among others.

Can you drink non alcoholic beer on metronidazole?

Metronidazole is a safe and effective medication used to treat bacterial vaginosis (BV) and other vaginal infections. It is strongly recommended that you do not mix Metronidazole and alcohol.

What is the function of dehydrogenase in alcohol metabolism?

From the toxicological point of view, dehydrogenase enzymatic activity of ALDHs is important in alcohol metabolism through aldehyde detoxification and for cellular homeostasis by eliminating reactive aldehydes derived from lipid peroxidation (Vasiliou et al., 2000).

What are aldehyde dehydrogenases (ALDHs)?

The aldehyde dehydrogenases (ALDHs) have a surprisingly broad spectrum of biological activities.

Does the adh7gene affect the risk for alcoholism?

Variations in the ADH7gene may affect the risk for alcoholism through interactions with other variants (Osier et al. 2004). Finally, a recent study (Birley et al. 2005) indicated that there is an important site in the region containing the ADHgenes that affects alcohol metabolism but is not related to the coding variations in ADH1Bor ADH1C.

What does km (ethanol) mean in aldehyde dehydrogenase?

NOTE: Km(ethanol) indicates the concentration of ethanol at which the enzyme works at 50 percent capacity. Turnover indicates how many molecules of ethanol the enzyme will convert to acetaldehyde in 1 minute at saturating ethanol concentrations. SOURCE: Modified from Hurley et al. 2002. Table 3 Aldehyde Dehydrogenase (ALDH) Genes and Proteins