What does QP QS mean?

Qp = Pulmonary flow. Qs = Systemic flow. Qp:Qs describes the magnitude of a cardiovascular shunt. Normally = 1:1. Left to right shunts >1.0.

How do you calculate QP QS?

This ratio is useful in the evaluation of patients with atrial or ventricular septal defects and is based on the following formulas: Qp = RVOT VTI x π x (RVOT/2) Qs = LVOT VTI x π x (LVOT/2)

What is QP QS in VSD?

The Qp/Qs ratio can be measured during cardiac catheterization or via echocardiography and helps to determine the size of the cardiac shunt. The Qp (flow through the pulmonary vascular bed) is compared to the Qs (flow through the systemic vascular bed).

What is QP Qs ratio echo?

P = Pulmonary S = Systemic. So when we use the term Qp:Qs, what we’re saying it is the ratio of pulmonary blood flow to systemic blood flow. Qp:Qs ratio is used to determine the ratio of the pulmonary to systemic blood flow across an intracardiac shunt, such as a PFO or a VSD.

What is a Supracristal VSD?

It is the portion of the septum that separates the tricuspid and pulmonary valves. Defects above this part of the septum are referred to as supracristal defects. The term is generally reserved for defects lying immediately under the pulmonary valve.

What is a normal shunt fraction?

Under normal conditions, the fraction of cardiac output that shunts from right-to-left (i.e. the shunt fraction) is ≤5%.

How long is a VSD surgery?

The repair will take about 2 hours. The healthcare provider puts a small, flexible tube (catheter) into several blood vessels in the groin. One of the catheters will have a small device inside it. The provider threads the catheter through the blood vessel all the way to the ventricular septum.

What is a normal QP Qs ratio?

A Qp/Qs ratio of 1:1 is normal and usually indicates that there is no shunting. A Qp/Qs ratio of 1:1 indicates that pulmonary flow exceeds systemic flow and defines a net left-to-right shunt. Similarly, a Qp/Qs ratio of 1:1 indicates a net right-to-left shunt.

What size of VSD is large?

The VSDs were classified as: small (diameter less than or equal to 3 mm), medium (3 to 6 mm) and large (greater than 6 mm).

What is the relationship between Qp and QS in a shunt?

In simple right-to-left or left-to-right shunts, the pulmonary and systemic flow trend in opposite directions, with an increase flow through one circulation necessarily at the expense of the other. Application of this principle underlies the use of shunt fraction calculation, a ratio between pulmonary (Qp) and systemic (Qs) flow 8.

What does Qp/Qs = 1 mean?

shunt fraction (Qp/Qs) = 1 indicates that no shunt exists, or that an equal amount of right-left and left-right shunting coexists

What is the relationship between Qp and QS in the lungs?

In healthy patients, a 1 to 1 volume relationship is maintained between the two. The pulmonary blood flow (Qp) pumps to the lungs the systemic venous return. The oxygenated blood is pumped as the systemic blood flow (Qs), which is also referred to as cardiac output.

What is Qp Qs ratio used for?

The Qp/Qs ratio is a non-invasive method for measuring systemic and pulmonary blood flow. High correlations were found between Fick- and Doppler-derived indexed measurements of systemic and pulmonary flow as well as the pulmonary to systemic flow ratio.