Who invented the transdermal patch?

Alejandro Zaffaroni
Alejandro Zaffaroni was a biotechnology innovator whose early work with controlled drug delivery methods, particularly his early concepts for transdermal patches, led to the growth of research into innovative drug delivery systems.

What is a transdermal patch in medical terms?

A transdermal patch is a patch that attaches to your skin and contains medication. The drug from the patch is absorbed into your body over a period of time. Transdermal patches are used to deliver a range of drugs into the body. Some of the drugs more often used in patches include: fentanyl to relieve pain.

When was the transdermal patch invented?

The use of adhesive skin patches to deliver drugs systemically is a relatively new phenomenon. The first adhesive transdermal delivery system (TDDS) patch was approved by the Food and Drug Administration in 1979 (scopolamine patch for motion sickness). Nitroglycerine patches were approved in 1981.

What are the different types of transdermal patches?

According to the different technologies that are used to store and deliver the drugs, transdermal patches can be divided into three main types: the first type is single-layer/multi-layer drug-in-adhesive transdermal patch, in which the drug is directly incorporated into the adhesive; the second type has a separate drug …

What is the purpose of transdermal patches?

Transdermal patches are patches that adhere to the skin as a way to deliver drugs. They provide a specific, predetermined dose of medication which is absorbed through the skin and into the bloodstream.

Why was transdermal invented?

This 1970s work culminated in the Alza Corporation developing a transdermal therapeutic system (TTS) for prevention and treatment of motion-induced nausea designed to provide controlled administration of scopolamine through the surface of the skin, such that the system governed drug input kinetics to the systemic …

What Latin abbreviation means four times a day?

q.i.d.
q.i.d. (or qid or QID) is four times a day; q.i.d. stands for “quater in die” (in Latin, 4 times a day). q_h: If a medicine is to be taken every so-many hours, it is written “q_h”; the “q” standing for “quaque” and the “h” indicating the number of hours.

What is the first transdermal system?

The first transdermal system for systemic delivery—a three-day patch that delivers scopolamine to treat motion sickness—was approved for use in the United States in 1979.

What are the advantages of transdermal patches?

Transdermal patches are an important method of drug delivery that can offer benefits to patients over oral formulations in terms of ease of use, simple treatment regimens, avoidance of the first-pass effect, and avoidance of peak dose effects.

What route of administration is a transdermal patch?

Transdermal is a route of administration wherein active ingredients are delivered across the skin for systemic distribution. Examples include transdermal patches used for medicine delivery. The drug is administered in the form of a patch or ointment that delivers the drug into the circulation for systemic effect.

Which drugs have been developed into transdermal patches?

Of the drugs studied, scopolamine, nitroglycerin, oestradiol and fentanyl have now been developed into marketed transdermal systems. We can now consider the history associated with the patch development of each of these drugs.

What are transdermal patches used for?

Although transdermal patches have medical applications for smoking cessation, pain relief, osteoporosis, contraception, motion sickness, angina pectoris, and cardiac disorders, advances in formulation development are ongoing to make transdermal patches capable of delivering more challenging drugs.

What are the regulatory aspects of drug patches?

Another key regulatory aspect is the amount of unused drug left in the patch when it is removed from the skin, as defined by the FDA’s guidance in August 2011 on Residual Drug in Transdermal and Related Drug Delivery Systems (FDA, 2011).

What is the patent number for transdermal nitroglycerin patch?

Transdermal nitroglycerin patch with penetration enhancers. US Patent 5,262,165, Schering Corporation. Gratieri T, Alberti I, Lapteva M, Kalia YN. Next generation intra- and transdermal therapeutic systems: using non- and minimally-invasive technologies to increase drug delivery into and across the skin.