What was the Volhynia massacre?

The massacres of Poles in Volhynia and Eastern Galicia (Polish: rzeź wołyńska, literally: Volhynian slaughter; Ukrainian: Волинська трагедія, Volyn tragedy), were carried out in German-occupied Poland by the Ukrainian Insurgent Army, or the UPA, with the support of parts of the local Ukrainian population against the …

Why was martial law imposed in Poland?

The government of the Polish People’s Republic drastically restricted everyday life by introducing martial law and a military junta in an attempt to counter political opposition, in particular the Solidarity movement.

When was martial law in Poland?

December 13, 1981
Martial law in Poland/Start dates
On December 13, 1981 the Military Council of National Salvation, which is headed by General Wojciech Jaruzelski, imposed martial law in Poland. On this day, the hopes of millions of Poles were crushed, while the chance of introducing democratic changes was lost for many years.

Who was born on 11 July?

Actor Stephen Lang is 69. Actor Mindy Sterling (“Austin Powers”) is 68. Singer Peter Murphy of Bauhaus is 64. Reggae singer Michael Rose of Black Uhuru is 64.

How many Poles does Ukraine have?

The Polish minority in Ukraine officially numbers about 144,130 (according to the 2001 census), of whom 21,094 (14.6%) speak Polish as their first language. The history of Polish settlement in current territory of Ukraine dates back to 1030–31.

When did Poland end communism?

On 4 June 1989, the trade union Solidarity won an overwhelming victory in a partially free election in Poland, leading to the peaceful fall of Communism in that country in the summer of 1989.

What happened in Poland in the 1980s?

In early August 1980, a new wave of strikes resulted in the founding of the independent trade union “Solidarity” (Solidarność) led by Lech Wałęsa. Its candidates’ striking victory gave rise to the first of the succession of transitions from communist rule in Central and Eastern Europe.