What is the main ingredient in Flakka?

It is sold in combination with other recreational drugs (eg, MDMA), and it is generally distributed in sealed bags marked “not for human consumption” or “for research use only.” The primary ingredient of is pyrrolidinopentiophenone (alpha-PVP), a synthetic cathinone that is chemically related to pyrovalerone.

Where is cathinone found naturally?

Cathinone is an alkaloid that has been discovered some fifteen years ago in the leaves of the khat bush. This plant grows in East Africa and in southern Arabia, and the inhabitants of these regions frequently chew khat because of its stimulating properties.

Where was Flakka drug invented?

Flakka, sometimes known as gravel, is closely related to bath salts, a synthetic cathinone that police linked to the infamous face-eating attack in Miami four years ago. The man-made drug that’s manufactured primarily in China entered the states only a few years ago, but didn’t soar in popularity until 2013.

How do you synthesize PVP?

PVP is synthesized via a free radical polymerization reaction starting from the vinylpyrrolidone (VP) monomer, using a free radical initiator such as Azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN). VP and AIBN were purchased from Sigma Aldrich.

What is Devil’s Breath used for?

Scopolamine, also known as hyoscine, or Devil’s Breath, is a natural or synthetically produced tropane alkaloid and anticholinergic drug that is formally used as a medication for treating motion sickness and postoperative nausea and vomiting. It is also sometimes used before surgery to decrease saliva.

What is in Zombie Dust?

For Nikki, white wine and zombie dust – a mix of Halcion, a nervous system sedative, and cocaine, a nervous system stimulant which, when consumed, keeps body awake but shuts brain off.

Is cathinone water soluble?

Some users insufflate (snort) mephedrone, but most of the cathinones are ingested. Since they are soluble in water, these substances can also be injected.

Is Bupropion a cathinone?

Bupropion is a cathinone-derivative with a dual dopamine-norepinephrine reuptake inhibiting mechanism, which is approved for the treatment of depression and smoking cessation. Clinical awareness to the addictive potential of cathinone and cathinone-derivatives is important.

How do you dissolve PVP in water?

In brief, the PVP solution was prepared by dissolving 0.5 g of PVP in 10 mL of deionized water at room temperature for 2 h under agitation. The PVP/CNC ratio was controlled by stoichiometric addition of a CNC suspension to a fixed quantity of the PVP solution followed by vigorous stirring for 1 h.

What is the world’s scariest drug?

Scopolamine
Scopolamine – also known as Devil’s Breath – has a reputation for being an extremely dangerous drug. In 2012, a Vice documentary dubbed it the “world’s scariest drug”.

What is Devil’s Breath made of?

Devil’s Breath is derived from the flower of the “borrachero” shrub, common in the South American country of Colombia. The seeds, when powdered and extracted via a chemical process, contain a chemical similar to scopolamine called “burandanga”.

What brewery makes zombie dust?

3 Floyds Brewing Co.
Zombie Dust – 3 Floyds Brewing Co.

What is α-pyrrolidinopentiopentiophenone?

α-Pyrrolidinopentiophenone (also known as α-pyrrolidinovalerophenone, α-PVP, O-2387, β-keto-prolintane, prolintanone, or desmethylpyrovalerone) is a synthetic stimulant of the cathinone class developed in the 1960s that has been sold as a designer drug.

What is the chemical name of α-PVP?

Colloquially, it is sometimes called flakka. α-PVP is chemically related to pyrovalerone and is the ketone analog of prolintane.

Can alpha-pyrrolidinovalerophenone be detected in rat urine?

“New designer drug alpha-pyrrolidinovalerophenone (PVP): studies on its metabolism and toxicological detection in rat urine using gas chromatographic/mass spectrometric techniques”. Journal of Mass Spectrometry. 44 (6): 952–64.