What is the gray matter on the surface of the cerebral hemispheres?

The grey matter surrounding the cerebrum is known as the cortex of the brain. There are two major cortexes in the brain, the cerebral cortex and the cerebellar cortex.

What structures communicate between cerebral hemispheres?

the corpus callosum
The hemispheres communicate with each other through the corpus callosum which is a bundle of fibers between the hemispheres. Each hemisphere controls muscles and glands on the opposite side of the body (i.e. the right side of the brain or hemisphere controls the left side of the body.)

What connects the gray matter of the two cerebellar hemispheres?

vermis
The cerebellum is similar to the cerebrum in that each has hemispheres that control the opposite side of the body and are covered by gray matter and surface folds. The vermis, which is a central constricted area, connects the hemispheres.

What does the internal gray matter of the cerebrum control?

In the brain, gray matter refers to the darker, outer portion, while white matter describes the lighter, inner section underneath. Gray matter is primarily responsible for processing and interpreting information, while white matter transmits that information to other parts of the nervous system.

Why is grey matter called grey matter?

Grey matter (or gray matter) makes up the outermost layer of the brain and is pinkish grey in tone, hence the name grey matter. It gets its grey tone from the high concentration of neuronal cell bodies in contains. Grey matter also contains unmyelinated axons. Grey matter is formed in early development from ectoderm.

What is the importance of learning about gray matter and white matter especially in terms of diseases that resulted from its damage?

Even though many diseases affect both the white and the gray matter, it is important to note which diseases occur as a result of damage or trauma or initial changes in white or gray matter. For example, neural diseases that result in disruption of the transit of nerve signals originate from changes in the white matter.

Which of the five cerebral lobes is the one not visible on the surface of the brain?

Not visible from the surface of the cerebrum is the insular, or central, lobe, an invaginated triangular area on the medial surface of the lateral sulcus; it can be seen in the intact brain only by separating the frontal and parietal lobes from the temporal lobe.

What makes up the gray matter in the cerebellum?

Grey matter (or gray matter) is a major component of the central nervous system, consisting of neuronal cell bodies, neuropil (dendrites and unmyelinated axons), glial cells (astrocytes and oligodendrocytes), synapses, and capillaries.

What is the difference between white matter and gray matter in the brain and spinal cord?

In the brain, grey matter is mainly found in the outer layers, while in the spinal cord it forms the core ‘butterfly’ shape. White matter refers to the areas of the CNS which host the majority of axons, the long cords that extend from neurons.

What is the difference between white matter and grey matter in the brain?

The central nervous system of the brain is made up of two kinds of tissue: grey matter and white matter. The grey matter contains the cell bodies, dendrites and the axon terminals, where all synapses are. The white matter is made up of axons, which connect different parts of grey matter to each other.

Where is gray matter found in the brain?

The gray matter is found in the cerebral cortex (outer layer of the brain) and in the nuclei (masses of neurons inside the white matter). The cerebral cortex is the most complex structure of the human brain.

What are the input and output layers of the cerebral cortex?

the first four layers (I-IV) are input stations that receive corticopetal fibers. layers V and VI are output stations that give rise to corticofugal projection fibers. Due to this functional differences, not all the parts of the cerebral cortex will have all six layers equally developed.

What is the difference between gray matter and white matter?

The gray matter consists mostly of the neuronal bodies whereas the white matter consists of the axons of the neurons. The gray matter is like the “generator” where the current (impulses) is generated, and the white matter is like the wires that transfer this current to the other parts of the CNS or the body.

Which layer is the most superficial layer of the brain?

This is the most superficial layer, laying directly under the pia mater. This layer is very poor with cellular component, which is represented by only a few horizontal cells of Cajal-Retzius. The major portion of this layer is actually the processes of the neurons lying within the deeper layers and their synapses.