What is t 4 14?

Translocation (4;14) is identified by FISH cytogenetics in approximately 15% of myeloma patients (pts). Pts with this translocation have a poor outcome characterized by initial response to induction chemotherapy but followed by rapid relapse and resistance to alkylating agents.

What is high risk mm?

High-risk myeloma accounts for around 25% of patients with MM and is characterized by a short survival of 2–3 years, mostly due to drug resistance and early relapse. Extramedullary disease in soft tissue and higher levels of circulating tumor cells have also been associated with shorter survival.

Is there a genetic link to multiple myeloma?

MM, like all cancers, has a genetic component. However, it may also have a hereditary component, which means it may run in families. People are at higher risk for developing it if they have a first-degree relative (a parent or sibling) with myeloma.

What is Del 17p?

De novo del(17p) was defined as del(17p13. 1), which includes the p53 gene region, and/or monosomy for chromosome 17. Relative loss of 17p was defined as del(17p) in presence of trisomy or tetrasomy involving chromosome 17.

What is the lifespan of someone with multiple myeloma?

Multiple myeloma is an uncommon cancer of the blood. The median length of survival after diagnosis with multiple myeloma is 62 months for Stage I, 44 months for Stage II, and 29 months for Stage III. Life expectancy depends on many factors, including the person’s age, health, kidney function, and more.

How is high risk myeloma treated?

The treatment approach for a newly diagnosed patient with high-risk multiple myeloma should include induction therapy, autologous stem cell transplantation if appropriate, and maintenance therapy.

What is 17p deletion in multiple myeloma?

The high-risk abnormality del(17p) can be detected by fluorescence in situ hybridization on malignant plasma cells (PCs) and has an adverse prognostic impact in patients with multiple myeloma (MM). Patients with del(17p) have reduced overall survival (OS).

What is the Del 17p )/ TP53 status?

Del(17p) causes loss of one allele of the tumor suppressor TP53, which plays an important role in DNA repair, cell-cycle arrest, and apoptosis in response to genotoxic insults (10). Somatic mutations in TP53 occur in the other allele of TP53 in about 80% of del(17p) CLL, resulting in biallelic inactivation (11–14).

What is the life expectancy of someone with multiple myeloma?

Is FGF receptor 3 a potential target in multiple myeloma?

Overexpression of FGF receptor 3 (FGFR3) is implicated in the development of t (4;14)-positive multiple myeloma. While FGFR3 is frequently overexpressed and/or activated through mutations in bladder cancer, the functional importance of FGFR3 and its potential as a specific therapeutic target in this disease have not been elucidated in vivo.

Does T (4) translocation in multiple myeloma dysregulate FGFR3?

The t(4;14) translocation in myeloma dysregulates both FGFR3 and a novel gene, MMSET, resulting in IgH/MMSET hybrid transcripts. Blood. 1998;92:3025–3034.

How does somatic mutation in the FGFR3 gene affect tumor progression?

Chesi et al. (1997) proposed that after the t (4;14) translocation, somatic mutation in the FGFR3 gene during tumor progression frequently generates an FGFR3 protein that is active in the absence of ligand.

What does FGFR3 stand for?

The t(4;14) translocation is associated with upregulation of the fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 (FGFR3) and the myeloma SET domain protein.