What is spatially varied flow?

Flow varies with longitudinal distance. Examples: side-channel spillways, side weirs, channels with permeable boundaries, gutters for conveying storm water runoff, and drop structures in the bottom of channels. Two types of flow: • discharge increases with distance.

What does it mean gradually varied flow Gvf in open channels?

A steady non-uniform flow in a prismatic channel with gradual changes in its water- surface elevation is named as gradually-varied flow (GVF). The backwater produced by a dam or weir across a river and drawdown produced at a sudden drop in a channel are few typical examples of GVF.

Which of the following assumptions are made to derive the dynamic equation of GVF?

Equation for Gradually varied flow: Before deriving an equation, following assumptions are made: 1] Bed slope of the channel is small. 3] Accelerative effect is negligible. 5] Roughness co-efficient is constant for the length of the channel.

What is the difference between gradually varied flow and rapidly varied flow?

Rapidly Varied Flow (RVF) is a significant change in water depth or velocity of flow over a short distance. Gradually Varied Flow (GVF) is the flow where the water depth changes gradually over a large distance. Hydraulic jump is an example of rapidly varied flow, where the liquid level rises suddenly.

What is rapidly varied flow?

Rapidly-varied flow is a significant change in water depth over a short distance (a few times water depth). The assumption that the flow varies rapidly over a relatively short distance means that bed friction is unimportant.

Why is Gvf needed?

The GVF equations account for gravitational and frictional forces acting on the water, and are used to calculate water depths throughout the culvert. A GVF profile is also known as a water depth profile and applies to steady-state, or constant flow, conditions.

Which is the assumption of dynamic equation of gradually varied flow?

Assumptions of Gradually Varied Flow Some of the important assumptions under which the gradually varied flow (GVF) holds ideal are: The slope of the channel/canal is very small. The vertical depth is considered from the bottom. The pressure distribution is hydrostatic because the curvature of streamlines is small.

Which of the following assumption is true in case of gradually varied flow?

Which of the following assumptions is true in case of GVF? Explanation: The flow in a GVF is steady and hence the streamline are parallel to each other. 8. The ratio of bed slope and the slope of energy line is 2, calculate the value of slope of energy line if the length of back water curve is 20000m.

What causes rapidly varied flow?

If water depth or velocity change abruptly over a short distance and the pressure distribution is not hydrostatic, the water surface profile is characterized as Rapidly Varying Flow (RVF). The occurrence of RVF is usually a local phenomenon.

What is the most efficient channel section?

The highest component of total construction cost is of lining & if the perimeter is kept minimum the cost of lining will be minimum, hence it will be the most economical section….Detailed Solution.

Section	Condition
Triangular	θ = 45°
Trapezoidal	R = y/2 θ = 60° Most efficient trapezoidal section is half hexagone

What is the difference between open channel flow and pipe flow?

Pipe flow Vs Open channel Flow Open Channel Flow is a type of fluid flow in a conduit with a free surface open to the atmosphere. The pipe flow is a type of flow within a closed conduit. The maximum velocity occurs at the center of the pipe.

What is spatially varied flow (SVF)?

Addition or diminution of water along the course of flow causes non uniform discharge and the resulting flow is known as spatially varied flow (SVF).

When do the two slopes of the flow equation become identical?

The two slopes, however, become identical if V = V* = V0 and if the flow is steady. The spatially varied flow equation is the same for flow with either increasing or decreasing discharge.

What do you mean by gradually varied flow?

The flow is classified as gradually varied flow when the change of the fluid depth along the channel dy/dx is much less than one. 9. Gradually varied and rapidly varied flow ◦ In other words, the flow depth changes gradually over a long distance in gradually varied flows and in a short distance in rapidly varied flows.

What is the classification of open channel flows?

Classification of Open Channel Flows Depending upon the shape, a channel is either prismatic or non-prismatic. A channel is said to be prismatic when the cross section is uniform and the bed slope is constant. Ex.