What causes bilateral internuclear ophthalmoplegia?

Internuclear ophthalmoplegia (INO) is a disorder of eye movements caused by a lesion in an area of the brain called the medial longitudinal fasciculus (MLF). The most common causes of INO are multiple sclerosis and brainstem infarction.

Which side is internuclear ophthalmoplegia?

Internuclear ophthalmoplegia occurs due to a lesion in the medial longitudinal fasciculus (MLF) by blocking the connection between the contralateral sixth nerve nucleus and the ipsilateral third nerve nucleus, thus affecting horizontal gaze.

How would you describe internuclear ophthalmoplegia?

Internuclear ophthalmoplegia (INO) is the inability to move both your eyes together when looking to the side. It can affect only one eye, or both eyes. When looking to the left, your right eye will not turn as far as it should. Or when looking to the right, your left eye will not turn fully.

What is INO eye?

Internuclear ophthalmoparesis (INO), also commonly referred to as internuclear ophthalmoplegia, is a specific gaze abnormality characterized by impaired horizontal eye movements with weak and slow adduction of the affected eye, and abduction nystagmus of the contralateral eye.

How is ophthalmoplegia detected?

Ophthalmoplegia can be diagnosed with a physical examination to check eye movements. Then an MRI or CT scan may be used to study the eye more closely. Blood tests may be necessary to determine whether it’s being caused by another condition, such as thyroid disease.

What is Webino?

WEBINO (wall-eyed bilateral internuclear ophthalmoplegia) syndrome is characterized by bilateral adduction impairment, nystagmus of the abducting eye, and primary gaze exotropia. We present the case of a 68 year-old man who was initially attended in emergency department with sudden onset diplopia.

Unilateral internuclear ophthalmoplegia may be accompanied by vertical strabismus due to skew deviation or associated trochlear nerve palsy. Wall-eyed bilateral internuclear ophthalmoplegia (WEBINO) which is a rare disorder in which bilateral internuclear ophthalmoplegia is associated with bilateral exotropia.

What is this ophthalmoplegia?

This syndrome is a rare ophthalmoplegia, either bilateral or unilateral that exhibits contralateral adducting eye (rather than abducting eye) nystagmus with abduction restriction on physical exam. It is the reverse of the typical INO, and although the lesion localization is not consistent, it likely is due to CN VI pre-nuclear input asymmetry .

What is internuclear ophthalmoplegia (INO)?

Internuclear ophthalmoplegia (INO) presents as the inability to perform conjugate lateral gaze and produces an ophthalmoplegia due to damage to the interneuron between two nuclei of cranial nerves (CN) VI and CN III (internuclear). This interneuron is called the medial longitudinal fasciculus (MLF).

What is wall-eyed bilateral internuclear ophthalmoplegia?

Wall-eyed bilateral internuclear ophthalmoplegia (WEBINO) which is a rare disorder in which bilateral internuclear ophthalmoplegia is associated with bilateral exotropia.  Exotropia is thought to occur due to the disruption of the input from otolithic organs.